Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Long-lived weight-reduced αMUPA mice show higher and longer maternal-dependent postnatal leptin surge

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188658

Figure Lengend Snippet: Each time point represents the mean ± s.e.m. of 5 to 17 mice (see for details). Pups were sampled every four days, following four hours of chow deprivation (first experiment), and were weaned at day 24 (P24). (A) Postnatal circulating leptin level measured using ELISA kit (R&D Systems Inc.). Insert of A. Mean P4-P24 leptin level. Bars with different letters are significantly different ( P <0.05, based on two-ways ANOVA followed by a post-hoc test). (B) Leptin:FM ratio. *, P <0.05 by post hoc comparison following one-way ANOVA of all four mice groups.

Article Snippet: Leptin level in the serum, milk, and stomach content was measured using a mouse leptin ELISA kit (R&D Systems Inc.), as used previously for both strains [ , ].

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Comparison

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Long-lived weight-reduced αMUPA mice show higher and longer maternal-dependent postnatal leptin surge

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188658

Figure Lengend Snippet: Multiple regression of leptin on strain, gender, age, fat mass, and fat-free mass.

Article Snippet: Leptin level in the serum, milk, and stomach content was measured using a mouse leptin ELISA kit (R&D Systems Inc.), as used previously for both strains [ , ].

Techniques:

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Long-lived weight-reduced αMUPA mice show higher and longer maternal-dependent postnatal leptin surge

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188658

Figure Lengend Snippet: Multiple regression of leptin on age, fat mass, strain, and gender, carried out separately for each age group.

Article Snippet: Leptin level in the serum, milk, and stomach content was measured using a mouse leptin ELISA kit (R&D Systems Inc.), as used previously for both strains [ , ].

Techniques:

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Long-lived weight-reduced αMUPA mice show higher and longer maternal-dependent postnatal leptin surge

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188658

Figure Lengend Snippet: Each time point represents the mean ± s.e.m. of 6 to 22 mice, females only. Pups were sampled every four days, following four hours of chow deprivation (first and second experiments) and dam deprivation (second experiment only). Leptin and corticosterone levels were measured using ELISA kits (R&D Systems Inc.). (A and B) Postnatal circulating leptin level of dam-deprived and non-deprived female WT (left) and αMUPA (right) mice. (C) Postnatal circulating leptin levels of dam-deprived female αMUPA and WT mice. (D) Postnatal body weight growth curves of dam-deprived and non-deprived female WT mice. (E) Postnatal body weight growth curves of dam-deprived and non-deprived female αMUPA mice. (F) Postnatal body weight growth curves of dam-deprived female αMUPA and WT mice. (G) Mean P4-P24 leptin level of dam-deprived and non-deprived female αMUPA and WT mice. (H) Corticosterone P12 level of dam-deprived and non-deprived female αMUPA and WT mice. Bars with different letters are significantly different ( P <0.05, based on two-ways ANOVA followed by a post-hoc test). *, P <0.05 by post hoc comparison following one-way ANOVA of all four mice groups.

Article Snippet: Leptin level in the serum, milk, and stomach content was measured using a mouse leptin ELISA kit (R&D Systems Inc.), as used previously for both strains [ , ].

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Comparison

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Long-lived weight-reduced αMUPA mice show higher and longer maternal-dependent postnatal leptin surge

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188658

Figure Lengend Snippet: Bars represent the mean ± s.e.m. of 6 dams per strain (A) and their female pups (B), one female pup per dam, all sampled at P12. Dams' serum and milk samples (A) were obtained 4 hours after their separation from their pups. Milk secretion was encouraged by subcutaneous oxytocin injection (2 IU/kg) administered 15 min before sampling. Pups' serum and stomach content (B) were sampled 30 min after they were reunited with their dams. Leptin level was measured using ELISA kit (R&D Systems Inc.). *, P<0.05 between strains, by Mann-Whitney non-parametric test. #, P<0.05 within strains, by Wilcoxon non-parametric Test.

Article Snippet: Leptin level in the serum, milk, and stomach content was measured using a mouse leptin ELISA kit (R&D Systems Inc.), as used previously for both strains [ , ].

Techniques: Injection, Sampling, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, MANN-WHITNEY

Journal: Molecular metabolism

Article Title: Adipose knockout of H-ferritin improves energy metabolism in mice.

doi: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101871

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 5: Fth AKO mice exhibited an altered adipose gene expression profile. (A,B) qRT-PCR analysis of Pparg, C/ebpa, Retn, Plin1, AdipoQ, Glut4, Scd1, Lep, Fabp4, Hsl, Atgl, and Mgl expression in iBAT and iWAT of Fth AKO and Fthfl/flmice (n ¼ 3e4, from two independent experiments). (C) Serum leptin of Fth AKO and Fthfl/flmice (n ¼ 3e4). (D) qRT-PCR analysis of Cpt1a and Cpt1b expression in iBAT and iWAT of Fth AKO and Fthfl/flmice (n ¼ 5e6, from two independent experiments). Data was analyzed by two-tailed unpaired t- tests. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: Serum leptin Serum leptin concentration was measured by a mouse leptin ELISA kit (ProteinTech, Wuhan, China) according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques: Gene Expression, Quantitative RT-PCR, Expressing, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Heliyon

Article Title: Improved leptin sensitivity and increased soluble leptin receptor concentrations may underlie the additive effects of combining PYY [ [1] , [2] , [3] , [4] , [5] , [6] , [7] , [8] , [9] , [10] , [11] , [12] , [13] , [14] , [15] , [16] , [17] , [18] , [19] , [20] , [21] , [22] , [23] , [24] , [25] , [26] , [27] , [28] , [29] , [30] , [31] , [32] , [33] , [34] ] and exendin-4 on body weight lowering in diet-induced obese mice

doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32009

Figure Lengend Snippet: PYY(3 – 36) and Ex4 in combination increases leptin sensitivity and increases the concentration of circulating soluble leptin receptor. A-D) Accumulated food intake (kcal) and body weight change (g) 4h (A, B) and 20h (C, D) after leptin injection(5 mg/kg) at treatment day 10.E) Plasma leptin concentration (pM) at day 15, F: Plasma concentration of soluble leptin receptor (SLR) at day 15, and G: Hepatic Lepra expression at day 15. Data are expressed as means ± SEM, n = 12. Statistical significance was assessed by one-way ANOVA (E) or by two-way ANOVA followed (F and G). In both cases, ANOVA test's were followed Tukey's multiple comparisons test. In case of A-D, test of significance was restricted to comparing within group effects (vehicle and leptin treatment). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: Soluble leptin receptor was analysed by a mouse leptin receptor picokine ELISA kit (BOSTER biological technology, Cat # EK0440).

Techniques: Concentration Assay, Injection, Clinical Proteomics, Expressing

Journal: Nutrients

Article Title: Stimulation of GHRH Neuron Axon Growth by Leptin and Impact of Nutrition during Suckling in Mice

doi: 10.3390/nu15051077

Figure Lengend Snippet: Primary and secondary antibodies used for immunohistochemistry experiments.

Article Snippet: Plasma leptin concentrations in 10-day-old male mice were determined individually with the Mouse/Rat Leptin (R&D systems) ELISA kit, according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques: Immunohistochemistry

Journal: Nutrients

Article Title: Stimulation of GHRH Neuron Axon Growth by Leptin and Impact of Nutrition during Suckling in Mice

doi: 10.3390/nu15051077

Figure Lengend Snippet: Underfeeding during suckling results in lower body weight and plasma leptin levels. ( A ) Increases in litter size from six (normally fed, open bars) to nine (underfed, blue bars) pups per dam are associated with a lower body weight in pups, by the age of seven days ( n = 32 normally fed pups and 41 underfed pups of both sexes). ( B ) Underfeeding during suckling was associated with lower plasma levels of leptin at 10 days of age, as determined by ELISA ( n = 8 per group). ( C ) Illustration (40X magnification obtained with a BX43 Olympus fluorescence microscope equipped with a DP73 CCD camera) of a growing axon from an arcuate nucleus explant cultured in vitro, showing that the GHRH+ axon in green (uppermost image) expresses the leptin receptor in red (middle image). A merged image is shown at the bottom (arrow). Scale bars represent 20 µm. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM. Comparisons were performed in Mann–Whitney tests, with ** p < 0.01 and *** p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: Plasma leptin concentrations in 10-day-old male mice were determined individually with the Mouse/Rat Leptin (R&D systems) ELISA kit, according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques: Clinical Proteomics, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Fluorescence, Microscopy, Cell Culture, In Vitro, MANN-WHITNEY

Journal: Nutrients

Article Title: Stimulation of GHRH Neuron Axon Growth by Leptin and Impact of Nutrition during Suckling in Mice

doi: 10.3390/nu15051077

Figure Lengend Snippet: Leptin stimulates axon growth in GHRH neurons in arcuate nucleus explants from normally fed pups. ( A ) Illustrative IHC of AgRP neurons from arcuate nucleus explants micro-dissected from one-week-old normally fed pups, in control conditions (left panels), and after stimulation with leptin (middle panels) and with leptin/IGF-1 (right panels). ( B ) Illustrative images of dual IHC for the axons of total arcuate nucleus neurons labeled with NF (top panels in red) and GHRH neurons labeled with eGFP (bottom panels in green), in the same conditions. Scale bars represent 1000 µm for AgRP+ and NF+ IHC (4X magnification) and 200 µm for GHRH+ IHC (10X magnification), for images from a BX612 Olympus fluorescence microscope equipped with a DP71 CCD camera. ( C ) Quantification of the growth of AgRP axons after 24 h of stimulation with leptin or leptin/IGF-I relative to control conditions ( n = 4 experiments), and ( D ) of the growth of NF (plain bars) and GHRH (dashed bars) axons ( n = 5–7 experiments). Data are presented as the mean ± SEM. Results were compared in a one-way ANOVA with the Newman–Keuls post hoc test (c) or a two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni correction (d), with *: p < 0.05 and **: p < 0.01 vs. control conditions and #: p < 0.05 vs. leptin stimulation.

Article Snippet: Plasma leptin concentrations in 10-day-old male mice were determined individually with the Mouse/Rat Leptin (R&D systems) ELISA kit, according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques: Control, Labeling, Fluorescence, Microscopy

Journal: Nutrients

Article Title: Stimulation of GHRH Neuron Axon Growth by Leptin and Impact of Nutrition during Suckling in Mice

doi: 10.3390/nu15051077

Figure Lengend Snippet: Signaling pathways involved in the axon growth of arcuate neurons in explants from normally fed pups. ( A ) Illustrative triple IHC of arcuate nucleus explants from the hypothalamus micro-dissected from one-week-old normally fed pups under control conditions (first panel), and following stimulation with leptin (second panel), leptin/NSC (third panel), leptin/LY (fourth panel) and leptin/PD (fifth panel), with NF (top panels in green), GHRH (middle panels in red) and AgRP (bottom panels in blue). Scale bars represent 100 µm for NF+ IHC (4X magnification) and 200 µm for GHRH+ and AgRP+ IHC (10X magnification), on images obtained with an Olympus BX43 fluorescence microscope equipped with a DP73 CCD camera. Quantifications of the growth of ( B ) NF ( n = 5–9 experiments), ( C ) GHRH ( n = 4–10 experiments) and ( D ) AgRP ( n = 5–10 experiments) axons stimulated for 24 h with leptin alone, or in combination with one of the three inhibitors (NSC_33994, LY_294002 or PD_0325901). Data are presented as the mean ± SEM. Results were analyzed by two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni correction, with *: p < 0.05 and ***: p < 0.001 vs. control conditions and ###: p < 0.001 vs. leptin stimulation.

Article Snippet: Plasma leptin concentrations in 10-day-old male mice were determined individually with the Mouse/Rat Leptin (R&D systems) ELISA kit, according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques: Protein-Protein interactions, Control, Fluorescence, Microscopy

Journal: Nutrients

Article Title: Stimulation of GHRH Neuron Axon Growth by Leptin and Impact of Nutrition during Suckling in Mice

doi: 10.3390/nu15051077

Figure Lengend Snippet: GHRH neurons from underfed pups are resistant to leptin for the stimulation of axon growth. ( A ) Illustrative IHC of arcuate nucleus explants from the hypothalamus micro-dissected from one-week-old underfed pups in control conditions (left panel), and after stimulation with leptin alone (middle panel), or with leptin/IGF-1 (right panel), with AgRP axons labeled in orange. ( B ) Axons from total arcuate nucleus neurons and GHRH neurons labeled by dual-IHC for neurofilament (NF, in red) and eGFP (in green), respectively. Scale bars represent 1000 µm for AgRP+ and NF+ IHC (4X magnification) and 200 µm for GHRH+ IHC (10X magnification), on images from an Olympus BX612 fluorescence microscope equipped with a DP71 CCD camera. ( C ) Quantification of the growth of AgRP axons stimulated by incubation for 24 h with leptin or leptin/IGF-I, relative to control conditions ( n = 5 experiments), and ( D ) quantification of the growth of NF (plain bars) and GHRH (dashed bars) axons ( n = 6 experiments). Data are presented as the mean ± SEM. Results were compared in a one-way ANOVA with the Newman–Keuls post hoc test (c) or in a two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni correction (d), with *: p < 0.05.

Article Snippet: Plasma leptin concentrations in 10-day-old male mice were determined individually with the Mouse/Rat Leptin (R&D systems) ELISA kit, according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques: Control, Labeling, Fluorescence, Microscopy, Incubation

Journal: Nutrients

Article Title: Stimulation of GHRH Neuron Axon Growth by Leptin and Impact of Nutrition during Suckling in Mice

doi: 10.3390/nu15051077

Figure Lengend Snippet: Alterations to leptin-stimulated signaling pathways in arcuate nucleus explants from underfed pups. The activation of the three signaling pathways by the exposure of seven-day explants to leptin (+) for 15 min was different in explants from underfed pups (blue bars) and in explants from normally fed pups (open bars). Data are presented as the fold induction of phosphorylated protein/total protein ratios (normalized against actin) for stimulated relative to unstimulated conditions for ( A ) phosphorylated Jak2/Jak2/actin ( n = 5 per group), ( B ) phosphorylated Stat3/Stat3/actin ( n = 5–7 per group), ( C ) phosphorylated-AKT/AKT/actin ( n = 9 per group), ( D ) phosphorylated MEK1/MEK1/actin ( n = 5–6 per group), ( E ) phosphorylated ERK1/ERK1/actin (left panel) and phosphorylated-ERK2/ERK2/actin (right panel; n = 8 per group). Data are presented as the mean ± SEM, with a Mann–Whitney analysis, with *: p < 0.05, **: p < 0.01.

Article Snippet: Plasma leptin concentrations in 10-day-old male mice were determined individually with the Mouse/Rat Leptin (R&D systems) ELISA kit, according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques: Protein-Protein interactions, Activation Assay, MANN-WHITNEY